NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide)

What is NAD+?

NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a crucial coenzyme found in all living cells, playing a key role in energy production, DNA repair, and cellular longevity. It is essential for mitochondrial function, making it a cornerstone of anti-aging, metabolic health, and cognitive performance.

As we age, NAD+ levels naturally decline, leading to fatigue, cellular damage, metabolic dysfunction, and age-related diseases. Supplementing with NAD+ or its precursors (like NMN or NR) can help restore youthful energy levels and enhance overall health.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

NAD+ functions as a coenzyme for various metabolic reactions, particularly those related to mitochondrial energy production and cellular repair:

Boosts Mitochondrial Energy Production:
- Increases ATP levels by fueling the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain.
Enhances DNA Repair & Cellular Health:
- Activates sirtuins (SIRT1, SIRT3, SIRT6), which protect DNA and promote longevity.
Supports Brain Function & Cognitive Health:
- Helps combat neurodegeneration by improving brain energy metabolism and reducing oxidative stress.
Regulates Metabolic Function & Fat Loss:
- Increases insulin sensitivity and fat oxidation, making it beneficial for weight management.
Reduces Inflammation & Supports Recovery:
- Lowers chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, leading to improved tissue healing and recovery.

Potential Benefits & Use Cases

Increased Energy & Reduced Fatigue: Boosts ATP production and fights age-related tiredness.
Enhanced Cognitive Function & Memory: Improves focus, mental clarity, and neuroprotection.
Longevity & Anti-Aging: Activates sirtuins, promoting cellular repair and extended lifespan.
Improved Metabolic Health: Regulates glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.
Faster Recovery & Reduced Inflammation: Helps in muscle recovery, joint repair, and tissue regeneration.

Typical Dosage & Administration

Administration:
- IV Therapy: Most effective but requires medical supervision.
- Subcutaneous or Intramuscular Injection: Used for systemic benefits.
- Oral Precursors (NMN, NR): Converts into NAD+ inside the body.
Dosage:
- IV Drip: 250 mg – 1000 mg per session (used for fatigue, anti-aging, and cognitive enhancement).
- Injection: 100 mg – 500 mg per injection (daily or every few days).
- Oral Supplementation: 250 mg – 1000 mg of NMN or NR daily for steady NAD+ replenishment.

Possible Side Effects

Mild Nausea or Digestive Issues: More common with high doses.
Flushing & Warmth Sensation: Due to increased metabolism and vasodilation.
Temporary Fatigue or Brain Fog: Occurs as cells adjust to increased energy production.

Other Relevant Details

Often stacked with Resveratrol, NMN, or Sirtuin Activators for enhanced longevity effects.
NAD+ injections and IV therapy are widely used in biohacking, anti-aging medicine, and athletic recovery programs.
Research is ongoing into its effects on neurodegenerative diseases, muscle preservation, and immune function.